The Kingdom of Scotland is traditionally dated from around 843 when Kenneth MacAlpin united the Picts and the Scots. After centuries of border war with England, William Wallace led the famous resistance of the late thirteenth century and Robert the Bruce defeated the English at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, securing Scottish independence for the next four hundred years.
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Scotland kept its own parliament, kings and law until the Acts of Union 1707 created the Kingdom of Great Britain. The Stuart family ruled Scotland from 1371 and added the English crown in 1603 when James VI of Scotland inherited the throne of his cousin Elizabeth I as James I of England.
You may be asked who won the Battle of Bannockburn (Robert the Bruce, 1314), or who united the Picts and the Scots (Kenneth MacAlpin).
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